Hypertension is the leading risk factor for death and disability globally and disproportionately impacts lowand middleincome countries lmics, where more than twothirds of people with hypertension live. Epidemiology of risk factors for hypertension springerlink. Hypertension risk factors high blood pressure risk factors. Differences in prevalence of hypertension and associated risk. Cigarette smoking hypertension bp 14090 mmhg or on antihypertensive medication low hdl cholesterol risk factors of diabetes and hypertension in a tribal area in tamil nadu. Materials and methods yercaud is a hill station located from about 25 km from salem. Some of the risk factors for high blood pressure cannot be controlled, such as your age or family history. English version abstract high levels of arterial blood pressure in childhood and adolescence have been often associated with other cardiovascular risk factors apart from arterial hypertension in the adult stage of life.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension pah is rare, but certain factors may make you more likely to develop it. This study was designed to assess the current prev alence of hypertension and to explore risk factors. The present study aimed at identifying risk factors associated. If two or more members of your family have pah or if a family member in your. Its prevalence tend to raise with age in most populations. Subjects were also excluded at this stage based on an ecgdetermined previous myocardial infarction, body weight 150% of desirable, angina by. Among the numerous risk factors associated with chd, ht plays a major role given its high frequency and its physiopathogenesis. A total of 2025 respondents aged 30 years and above were recruited using a multistage sampling method.
Analysis for hypertension and related risk factors of. Hypertension can also be a problem for some women when they become pregnant and this. Hypertension risk factors southern african hypertension society. These factors are known as essential hypertension risks. Jan 01, 2020 as youll see, many of these risk factors are under your control. The burden of noncommunicable diseases ncds is increasing in subsaharan africa, but data available for intervention planning are inadequate. Prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension and. Learn how high blood pressure affects your body and what makes you more likely to. Nutritional factors involved in the treatment of hypertensive subjects are also discussed in this special issue.
Hypertension is the leading risk factor for death and for disability. Knowledge about hypertension and factors associated with. Knowledge about hypertension and factors associated with the. The truth is, high blood pressure affects people of all ages, races, social classes, sizes and shapes, women as well as mean and even children. A survey was initiated to examine the association of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for hypertension in perak, malaysia. Having high blood pressure increases your risk of a number of serious conditions, including heart attack and stroke. High blood pressure happens when the pressure your blood exerts against. Risk factors for heart disease risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase your chances of developing a disease. The epidemiology of hypertension, in terms of its importance as a risk factor for cardiovascular dise ases, continues to be.
Prevalence and risk factors for resistant hypertension among. We aimed to determine knowledge about risk factors for hypertension in individuals with and without hypertension, and to identify. The treatment and prognosis of resistant hypertension, indications for referral to a hypertension specialist, and how one identifies patients who should be screened for. Vinayaka mission medical college hospital conducts a routine general. In general, the older you get, the greater your chance of having high blood pressure. Major risk factors exclusive of ldl cholesterol that modify ldl goals note. High blood pressure can cause serious problems like strokes and heart attacks, but you may not have any symptoms. Export all images to powerpoint file add to my favorites. The most common modifiable risk factors of hypertension were physical inactivity. The hypertension in health examination population has the features of high new discovery rate, low awareness rate and low treatment rate. This crosssectional one point analysis of risk factors for hypertension, was conducted in trikuta nagar area of jammu.
Risk factors of hypertension at unrwa primary health care. With essential hypertension, the cause of high blood pressure is not known. Methods a literature search of the pubmed database was conducted from 1970 to 2009 using the medical subject headings hypertension, blood pressure and. Primary hypertension has no clear cause and is thought to be linked to genetics, poor diet, lack of exercise and obesity. During this time period, the prevalence of several risk factors for cardiovascular disease and incident hypertension increased among us adults. The probability of developing high blood pressure increases as we get older. Hypertension is a major public health problem and important area of research due to its high prevalence and being major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other complications. A 2003 report found that the rise in incidence of high blood pressure among children is most likely due to an increase in the number of. Hypertension is an important public health challenge in both economically developing and developed countries.
However, its prevention and control has not yet received due attention. Evidence from a longitudinal study article pdf available in american journal of hypertension 237. Learn about these effects and why its important to manage hypertension. Global dalys attributable to the 25 leading risk factors in 1990 and 2010. It was a community based crosssectional study conducted in two rural areas. Table 2 shows the various risk factors associated with htn and pht by the. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in gondar city, northwest ethiopia.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can have many damaging effects on the body. Lifestyle modifications to manage hypertension modification. It is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. Prevalence of hypertension and determination of its risk. The conditions that hypertension triggers, including diabetes, heart disease, and strokes also run in the family. But you can take steps to lower your risk by changing the factors you can control. Also commonly known as essential hypertension, primary high blood pressure is a disorder which is associated with elevated blood pressure whose causes are not readily identifiable. Risk factors of hypertension nuraini jurnal majority. This study carried out to assess the kap of inhabitants of kigarama cell in prevention of risk factors leading to hypertension where their knowledge, the attitudes and the practices were explored. Standard medical texts divide hypertension into two major categories. Essential hypertension is the most common type, occurring in 9 out of 10 high blood pressure cases. Hypertension ht is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease chd.
Hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including ethiopia. Risk factors people of all ages, races and ethnic backgrounds are diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension ph. Restriction of daily sodium intake is recommended in several guidelines about hypertension. Thus, roughly 15% of the general adult population manifest ht with a net male predominance, and 25% of patients with chd have ht 1. There are several factors predisposing to hypertension. Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among. A descriptive crosssectional study was carried out among hypertensive patients attending clinics at the cardiology unit, colombo from julyoctober 2009. The most common age for men to first develop high blood pressure is between the ages of 35 and 50and for women, after menopause. A growing body of research demonstrates that psychosocial factors play an important role in the development of hypertension. The cardiovascular risk it imposes varies in relation to the height of the blood pressure, which component is elevated, the target organ affected, and the burden of coexisting risk factors. Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in adolescents. Prevalence and distribution of hypertension and related risk factors. Primary essential hypertension, by definition, has no known cause.
This crosssectional one point analysis of risk factors for hypertension, was conducted in. May 29, 2015 the burden of noncommunicable diseases ncds is increasing in subsaharan africa, but data available for intervention planning are inadequate. Medical conditions and lifestyle factors can contribute to the development of secondary hypertension, however, with high blood pressure being a consequence of a separate health concern typically related to the heart, arteries, kidneys, or endocrine system. Hypertension and its risk factors a cross sectional study. Given a paucity of information on hypertension and associated risk factors among urban slum. The average time interval between the first and second visit was 6 weeks. A number of factors and variables can put you at a greater risk for developing high blood pressure hbp or hypertension. High prevalence of hypertension and of risk factors for non. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 19902017. There are several causes of or risk factors for high blood pressure.
People with these risk factors can avoid or eliminate the other risk factors to lower their chance of developing hypertension. The association between risk factors and hypertension in. A 2003 report found that the rise in incidence of high blood pressure among children is most likely due to an increase in the number of overweight and obese children and adolescents. Boston four risk factorshypertension, diabetes, smoking, and high cholesterolaccount for the vast majority of cases of peripheral arterial disease pad, a new study shows 1.
So if you have high blood pressure, you need to take action. All the patients with hypertension who provided informed written consent were recruited to. Hypertension causes and risk factors risk of developing. Covering primary hypertension definition, causes and risk factors, symptoms and secondary hypertension. A community based crosssectional study was conducted in april 2012 in gondar city. Generating an epub file may take a long time, please be patient. The good news is that the effect of many risk factors can be. A populationbased crosssectional survey was conducted, enrolling households using multistage. When you have more than one risk factor for heart disease, your risk of developing heart disease greatly multiplies. To study the prevalence and define deferential risk factors for resistant hypertension rht in a hypertensive population of south asian origin. High blood pressure can be caused by many factors, but mostly notably are diabetes, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption. The southern african hypertension society was founded in 1977 by a handful of concerned health professionals, a number of whom are still active in the society today. Whether your overall risk is high or low, you can always take steps to keep your pressure down and protect your health. Recent data confirm that the interaction of genetics with multiple environmental risk factors explains the high prevalence of hypertension in the industrialised countries.
Estimates of exactly how many americans have high blood pressure varythe american heart association and the national heart, lung, and blood institute put the figure at about 5560 million, but. It is managed by a group of southern african health professionals who are experts in the field of hypertension. Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension. A hypertensive emergency is diagnosed when marked rises of high blood pressure occurs with the possibility of acute damage to vessels and target organs. Even though anyone can be diagnosed with ph, certain risk factors make some people more likely to get the disease. Mar, 2019 secondary hypertension differs from the usual type of high blood pressure primary hypertension or essential hypertension, which is often referred to simply as high blood pressure. Trends in prehypertension and hypertension risk factors in us. Hypertension is a major public health problem in malaysia. There are several factors, which are associated with htn and the common sequel, or after effects of the disorder. Risk factors that can increase your risk of high blood pressure include health conditions, your lifestyle, and your family history.
Understanding these risk factors can help you be more aware of how likely you are to develop high blood pressure. Information on the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors is to be considered vital. Specific causes of secondary hypertension will be briefly mentioned. The risk increases in men over age of 45 and women over age 55. Hypertension causes and risk factors of high blood pressure. Other factors that can cause hypertension include your personal and family genetic history. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors goes hand in hand, and it is not unusual for an individual to have the combination of both. Raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for chronic heart disease, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Modifiable hypertension risk factors are the things which we have control over, in our activities of daily living. Hypertension risk factors risk for hypertension health. High blood pressure is the principal risk factor for stroke, heart failure and.
Although for most people there is no identifiable cause of hypertension, there are known risk factors. Global dalys attributable to the 25 leading risk factors. Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. The typical image of a person with hypertension high blood pressure is an overweight, overworked male executive with a very short fuse. A populationbased crosssectional survey was conducted, enrolling households using multistage sampling with five. If your parents had it, then you might also be at risk. Simple things in life sometimes makes a big impact. Hypertension definition of hypertension by medical dictionary. Determine presence of major risk factors other than ldl. As youll see, many of these risk factors are under your control. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
High blood pressure, or hypertension as the disease is known medically, is our most common chronic illness. High blood pressure doesnt usually have any symptoms, so most people dont know they have high blood pressure until. High blood pressure or hypertension is when your blood pressure is consistently higher than it should be. A family history of hypertension puts a person at a higher risk category than a person with no family history of hypertension. However, there are factors that can increase a persons chance of developing it. Experts estimate that up to 75 percent of cases of hypertension in industrialized countries can be traced directly to obesity. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader. Know your risk factors for high blood pressure american.
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